Uso de partículas y ejemplos prácticos

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That's VisitRode Island.com Buenos Aires, soy Natalia Sanchez de Spanish Perfecto and I'm here to help you learn Spanish Perfecto from level zero. Today we're going to continue with loss complementos, but this time we're going to study el complemento in directo. Are you ready to start? Empecemos During the last lesson we studied el complemento directo. We said this is a part of the sentence that receives directly the action of the verb. For example, yo comi una naranja . We ask the verb que comi and the answer una naranja es el complement o directo . We said we want to know this because we can replace this complemento directo for the words la, lo, las, los , which in English would be it . Yo comí una naranja, yo la com i. We said we place it before the verb . In many cases, at least we have two verbs together o we have el gerundio present continuous. When we have this we can place it before the two verbs or we can place it right attached to the second verb . Stoy comiendo una naranja la stoy comiendo o stoy comiendo la if you have not heard episode 109 , you're probably not understanding anything at this right moment because I'm going quite quick. So if you don't understand, you have to go back to episode 109 and rec ap a little bit el complemento directo. Today we're going to put our focus on el complemento indirecto. El complement o indirecto is the part of the sentence that receives the action of the verb as well but indirectly and it sounds a bit difficult, right in many cases is quite clear and straightforward , but we will study some situ ations where we will doubt if we are in front of a compl emento indirecto or compl emento indirecto, and this is when people in Spain may make mistakes with the when they have to replace them with the little particles we studied lol los , and today we have others . To start, and so that you don't get confused, I'm going to break it down and make it very simple for you . With el complemento directo, we ask the verb que . Con el complement o indirecto, we ask the verb a quién o para quién. And if we have an answer, this would be el complemento indire cto in the sentencing. So I'm going to give you some examples. First we're going to learn how to find el complemento indirecto and then how we replace it . Pedro dio un regalo a su hermana . ¿Qué un regalo? Un regalo, el complemento directo, a qui én, para quién, a su hermana, a su hermana es el complement o indirecto . Easy right? Let's see another example. Maria escribió una carta para su madre. Complemento directo. ¿A quién? ¿Para quién? Para su madre. Cumplemento indirec to. Pedro cont ó una historia a sus amig ¿Qué contó Pedro? Una historia. Complemento directo. ¿A quién? ¿Para quién? A sus amigos. Complemento indirecto . Le envié un mensaje a mi hermano . Que le envié un mensaje a quién, para quién ? A mi hermano, un mensaje, complemento directo. A mi hermano, complemento indirecto . Ana regaló flores a su madre. Que regaló flores. Complemento directo. ¿A quién para quién? A su madre. Complemento indirecto. Otro ejemplo: el camarero sirvió la cena a los clientes . ¿Qué sirvió la cena? ¿A quién? A los clientes. Complement o indirecto. Otro ejemplo. Carlos envió una invitación a su amigo . Que envió una invitación . ¿Complemento directo? ¿A quién? A su amigo. Para quién a su amigo. Complemento indirecto . And now we study the particles we use to replace el complemento indirec to . Me te , le osse nos les se me to me , Carlos me envía una carta a mi te a ti to you , Carlos te envía una carta a ti . Le a él , tu hém . Carlos le envía una carta . A él . Nos a nosotros , tú as . Carlos nosos envía una car ta a nosotros. Carlos Send a Letter to us . Os a vosotros, to you all . Carlos os envía una carta a vosotros . Carlos sends a letter to you all les a ellos to them . Carlos Les envia una carta a ellos. Carlos sends a letter to them . Sometimes as I have done right now, we can have this les y a ellos, o me y a mí at the beginning and at the end of the sentency. For ejemplo, Carlos me envía una carta once more a mí. So we can say it twice . But we could also say Carlos me envía una carta without saying again to me. So you're going to hear both. Let's go back now to the sentences we had earlier, like Anna Regalo Flores asumadre, El Camarero Sirviolacena Los Clientes , and so on. We're going to see what happened with el complemento indirecto when we replace it. Anna regaló flores asumadre. A quién asumadre? To replace asumadre in English we would say Anna gave flowers to her . In Spanol Anna le regaló flores . We do as we do with el complemento directo. We place the particle before the verb . If we didn't know she's talking about her mom, we probably have to say Anna le regaló flores a su madre. So if the listeners doesn't know we're talking about her mother, we should say again at the end of the sentence because otherwise there will be missing information in the sentence . Otra frase El camarero sirvió la cena a los El complemento indirecto a los clientes . El camarero les sirvió la cena. Los clientes it's plural, so we don't use le, we use l ess and before the verb . Carlos envió una invitación a su amigo. El complemento indirecto a su amigo. Carlos le envió una invitación . Mi padre compró un coche para mi hermana I don't want you to get confused, but in some parts of Spain they would say mi pad re la compro un co che . But of course they're making a mistake because mi hermana is complemento indirecto and this can only be replaced with le and les . So now that you know better than Spaniards, you will say mi padre le compro un coche, and you will never say my padre la comprends . Otra frase . Contamos un secreto a nuestros primos. Complemento indirecto. A nuestros primos . We told a secret to them . Les contamos un secreto . And now what happened if we have two verbs together or we have el undio the present continuous. Now you can imagine because the same thing that we do with el complemento indirecto, we do it with el complemento indirecto. And do you remember where we placed these particles ? For ejemplo, en la frase o oración, el camar ero está sirviendo la cena a los clientes . The waiter is serving dinner to them. You are right. We have two options. El camarero les está sirviendo la cena . O el camarero está sirviéndoles la cena. So we place it before the first verb or attached to the second verb . And now the most confus ing thing about this I. know you always have troubles when you for example, want to say he told me, I told him , she says to them . Let's see how we do in Spanish. She told me . She told is ella dijo . But if we want to say to me and we place these particles before the verb we will say ella me dijo . He told them . He told El Dijo El Les And all this might sound familiar to you with the verb gustar. Remember? A él le gusta . A nosotros nos gusta A ti te gusta . So we have the same particles . They say to them they say ellos di to them less ellos less dicen . We told you . We told nosotros dijimos. You os , nosotros os dijimos . You all told him . You all told vosotros di histeis . Him le vosotros le diciste this did this sound difficult for you ? During the next episode we're going to study when we have el complemento directo y el complemento indirect