Legacy and Modern Commemorations

This is an IiHart podcast Guaranteed human. Living with a rare autoimmune condition brings uncertainty, but it can also create community. In season six of Untold Stories, Life with a severe autoimmune coondition, they go beyond MG and CIDP, as host Martine Hackett welcomes stories from other conditions like myositis and IGN into the conversation. Untold Stories is produced by Ruby Studio in partnership with Argenics. Listen to Untold Stories, Life with a severe Autoimmune condition on the iHart Radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts Hey everybody, we are getting ready to go on a trip. We're not packed yet, but our brains definitely are because we have a trip to Bajamar on the horizon. and it's kind of all I can think about. I'm so excited about the food. There are amazing restaurants and lounges there that I'm gonna sample everything I possibly can. I'm going to gaze into the water and mostly I am gonna watch the daily fllamingo parade which might be the thing I'm most excited about. There's also an incredible spa and I know Tracy's going to be takaking advantage of that. There is excited and then there is Bahamar excited. Start planning at bahamar. comot Alienwar's Back to schoolchool event is the perfect time to score top gaming gear with incredible features and advanced engineering to go beyond performance Start your Alienware journey with the Alienware fifteen gaming laptop featuring Intel core processors, game, live stream and multitask for hours on end. Pair your incredibly smooth gaming experience with immersive visuals and sound by saving on sleek alienware monitors, headsets and more. This limited time sale awaits you now at alienware dot com slash deals The oldld gaze are back with Silver Linings, their lovable podcast from Iheart's Ruby Studio in partnership with VV Healthcare. Robert, Mick, Bill and Jessse strut back down memory Lane for season two, sharing lessons on life, love, and loss. These are the kind of insights that only come from experience. So tune in to Silver Linings with the oldld Gazayse on the Iheart Radio app casts or wherever you get your podcasts Snoring, gasping for air during sleep, daytime sleepiness. I'm Shquil O'Neill and this shouldn't be anybody's experience. As your doctor about Zbound to zepatyime, The first SZNOi FDA approved prescription medicine from moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity TZzbound is a prescription medicine used with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to help adults with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, and obesity to improve their OSA. Zbound is approved as a two point five, five, seven point five, ten, twelve point five, or fifteen milligram injection. Zbound contains trizepetide and should not be used with other trizepotide containing products or any GLP one receptor agonist medicines It is not known if ZPBound is safe and effective for use in children Don't share needles or pens or reuse needles. Don't take if allergic to it, or if you or someone in your family had Medary thyroid cancer, or if you've had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type two. Tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck. Stop step bound and call your doctor if you have severe stomach pain or a serious allergic reaction. Severe side effects may include inflamed pancreas or gallbladder problems Tell your doctor if you experience vision changes before scheduled procedures with anesthesia. If you're nursing, pregnant, planant to be or taking birth control pills, taking Zbound with a sulfonyal urea or insulin may cause low blood sugar side effects include nausea, diarrhea and vomiting, which can cause dehydration and worsen kidney problems. Talk to your doctor. callall one eight hundred five four five five nine sevven nine or visit zbound. liily d. com Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production of Hart Radio Hello and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy V. Wilson, and I'm Holly Fry Today's episode is on Kamir Belaski, who English language sources pretty much overwhelmingly refer to by the Engllic sized name Kazmir His last name's also pronounced slightly differently in his native language of Polish and I would say probably peopleople who actually speak Polish do a better job on his first name than I just did His name came up in our recent episode on Va Roseboro, who was born in a town named after him, but he has been on my shortlist All the way since twenty nineteen, when he made an appearance on an installment of Unearthed Aside from that recent name drop, this also seemed like a pretty good time to talk about him since this year is being observed as the two hundred fiftieth birthday of the United States, and Pulaski was killed in action During the Revolutionary War There's also another layer that I think makes them a good topic to talk about in the midst of all these two hundred fiftieth anniversary commemorations. that is. how his story has been told. because he has often been built up into an almost mythic figure and a representation of ideals like patriotism and bravery and freedom and independence all that interconnected with the story that the United States sort of tells itself about being a melting pot or a nation of immigrants Um also writing about him though that it's not through those lenses tells a very different story from that one Kasmir Pulaski was born on march sixth, seventeen forty five in Poland, which at the time was united with Lithuania as the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. That same day he was baptized at home without a liturgical ceremony. His baptismal records, which are written in Latin describe him with words meaning debility or weakness It's possible that because of whatever this was, his parents feared for his life and didn't want to risk him dying unbaptized Baptism with a liturgical ceremony was held for both Casmir and his older brother Franisek on march fourteenth at the Holy Cross Church in Warsaw Kazmir's parents were Josef and Marianna Pulaski. Joseph was a lawyer and an arbiter and the district governor of Varka Pulaskis were from a very old and prominent family. They were part of the Zlasha or the Gentry And they also had a long history of military service, including men serving as knights before European fighting forces started transitioning away from knights and toward standing professional armies We don't know a whole lot about Kazimir's early life. She was the middle of three sons and there were also several daughters in the family Casimir probably got a basic elementary education before becoming a page in the court of Charles, Prince of Cortland, and Semagalia, son of King Augustus III of Poland and elector of Saxony Kazimir became a page in seventeen sixty two, so he would have been about seventeen. And he got his first military experience while in service to the prince In the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth, kings were elected. And in seventeen sixty four, Stannislos II, Augustus Ponatavsky was elected king He had become one of the lovers of Russian Empress Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, and he was elected king with Russia's backing This should not be viewed as an equal partnership between Catherine and the King though Catherine saw Stanisloss as a pawn, and both she and King Frederick II of Prussia wanted to use him to pursue their own interests That is obviously a massive and complicated chunk of history that would be at least a whole other episode to get into thoroughly. So the very basic version is that the Commonwealth had been in decline for a while And Russia had been taking advantage of that to exert more and more influence in Poland That included Catherine pressuring Stanislaus to give full political equality to the Commonwealth's non Catholics They made up about ten percent of the Commonwealth's population Catholics were framed as dissidents and they had effectively no political rights and few religious freedoms In the face of both political pressure from Russia and outbreaks of violence, the Commonwealth's legislature, called the same, repealed these restrictions. The same also abandoned reform projects that Stanislaus proposed and Russia objected to In February of seventeen sixty eight, a Catholic Confederation was established in Bar Ukraine to fight back against these religious reforms. and the ongoing escalation of Russian influence in Poland and King Stanislaus. One of the Confederation's founders was Kasimir Polaski's father Kasimir was twenty three, and some accounts characterize him and his brothers as being conscripted to fight for the Confederation of Bar Others characterize him as an eager participant, just determined to fight for a free Poland Really none of the sources that I used for this episode really spent much time on the fact that this idea of freedom also connected to trying to keep non Catholics from having political and religious rights Whatever the exact circumstances behind Kazmir Polasky's involvement in this uprising, within a couple months, he was leading skirmishes against the king's forces and Russian troops He became a colonel and developed a reputation for being a skilled horseman and good with a sword He also earned particular praise for defending a monastery while outnumbered and besieged The Confederation of Bar initially had some support from France in terms of both money and volunteer fighters They also sought the support of the Ottoman Empire, which declared war on Russia in October of seventeen sixty eight after Russian troops pursued a Polish force across the Ottoman border In seventeen seventy, the cououncil of the Barr Confederation proclaimed that the king had been dethroned But she really hadn't been And then the following year, they managed to kidnap the king and hold him prisoner outside of Warsaw King managed to escape, or his abductors started to kind of second guess what they had done and they let him go. Either way, he got away. Kasmir Pulaski was implicated in the kidnapping, and he was also charged with attempted regicide The kidnapping was real, but the purported assassination plot doesn't seem to have been. The Confederation of Bars's international support was already pretty weak and it really fell apart as other nations didn't want to back an uprising that had allegedly tried to kill the king Tesky had to flee first to Prussia, then to the Ottoman Empire, and then to France He got further and further in debt as he tried and failed to raise money and rally support for Poland. The bar uprising was finally suppressed in seventeen seventy two By then, Pulaski had become known for his ability to recruit and organize troops and for his bravery But he was also described as reckless and insubordinate, and that put him at odds with a lot of the Confederation's other leaders The uprising also came at a great cost for the Pulaski family. Pulaski's father was dead. By the end of this, he was either killed in action or after being captured in seventeen sixty nine. Kasimir's brothers had also been killed and the other brother had been captured and transported to the Russian interior In the summer of seventeen seventy three, Pulaski was tried for attempted regicide in absentia He was convicted and sentenced to beheading When he tried to join the French army, he was turned away apparently because of this conviction He wound up in Dbtor's prison until some friends were able to free him The Confederation of Bar had a huge and devastating impact on the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth Neighboring nations were concerned about both the uprising and Russia's growing power in the region, not just in Poland, but also because of its military successes in its war with the Ottoman Empire And seventeen seventy two, in part to try to preserve the balance of power in Eastern Europe Russia, Prussia, and Austria signed a treaty that divided about a third of Poland and most of Lithuania among them More partitions followed in seventeen ninety three and seventeen ninety five Poland and Lithuania both ceased to exist as independent nations until after World War I. We will get back to Kazmir Pulaski after we pause for a sponsor break Living with a rare autoimmune condition can bring a lot of uncertainty, but it can also bring people together in powerful ways. Tune in for season six of Untold stories, Life withith a severe autoimmune condition, a Ruby Studio production in partnership with Argenics. This season, host Martine Hackett brings you fresh stories from people living with MG and CIDP and expands the conversation to people living with other rare conditions like myositis and IGAam Through their stories, you'll learn what it's like to participate in clinical trials seeking new treatments, how connection fuels hope, and how people can support one another along the way. Because living with a rare disease isn't about getting through it, it's about moving forward together. Listen to Untold stories, life with a severe autoimmune condition on the IHart radio app Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts Guess who's back in the house The Old Gays return for seeason two of Silver Linings, their hit podcast from IiHart's Ruby Studio in partnership with VV Healthcare. Just wait until you hear what hosts Robert, McBill, and Jessse have in store this time around. They strreut back down memory lane, navigating life Love, loss, and everything that shaped them along the way. And as usual, someone just might break into song. From leather bars to bathhouses, dance floors to drag brunch, nothing stays off limits. These are the kinds of insights that can only come from experience. So listen to your elders, honey, and discover the silver linings you can take with you All Sass, zero filter, and decades of perspective from four friends, proving that queer joy only gets better with age on the podcast that never gets old. Listen to Silver Linings available on the iHart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts Alrighty, there is excited and then there is vacation excited. and we are vacation excited right now because we have a trip planned to Baha Mar in Nassau. To be honest, I'm kind of mentally already checked in and I have a beautiful drink in my hand. What I love about this is that you can do it your way. There are three luxury hotels all in one place, the Refined Rosewood, the playfully hip SLS, or the stylish Grand Hyatt. So no matter what your vibe is, if it's relaxed, if it's glam, if it's kind of somewhere between You're covered and then there is everything else. This is like an embarrassment of options. There are more than forty five restaurants, bars and lounges, incredible chefs, incredible drinks. I'm going be all over that. There is a lot of great nightlife that you can get into like the John Baptiste Jazz Club, which I am also very excited about. If you are a family going to visit, there's a fifteen acre water park. and what I am also excited about shark and sea turtle encounters Bring them on and don't even get me started about the daily Flamingo parade. If you're into sporty stuff, all there. There is a golf course, tennis, pickleball, anything you can think of. Tracy's gonna spend a lot of time at the spa and we arere gonna to spend a lot of time enjoying ourselves. There's excited and then there is Baha Mar vacation exxcited. Start planning your perfect getaway at bahamar dot com So you're considering getting a home security system, But you want something that fits your space? Well, with ADT Blue, it's easy to customize a system that's right for you and set it up yourself. Just pick the kit and monitoring plan that makes sense for your home. Let's say you're worried about package theft. The ADT plus app can walk you through setting up a new doorbell camera kit. Once it's installed, ADT Pros can help you keep tabs on it twenty four seven Or you can manage it yourself from the ADT plus app. There are no long term contracts so you can change your monitoring plan whenever you want. The flexibility doesn't end there. You can add to your system as you need to with things like extra cameras or motion sensors. Some life decisions are hard, but thanks to ADT Blue, you can DIY trusted ADT homeome security in a snap head to ADt d. com slash Blu to build your system today. And to find out more about home protection, check out a new episode of Grown Up Stuff with security expert Joe Maza out now on the iHart Radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts Dude, my kid loves Marvel Spider Man now. No way. How? Lingo kids, they have Spider Man themed activities. It's completely safe, like if someone took our comics and made them perfect for a four year old. I still hang on to my old collection. Does it have Disney Moana two? My daughter is obsessed. Disney Moana, Frozen, Zoopia, It's all in there. I'm downloading this right now. Full of fun activities inspired by beloved stories from Disney and more Lingo Kids is where little ones discover more about favorite characters, and maybe yours too Everything kids love. Download it for free While Casimere Pulaski was in France, he met Benjamin Franklin and Silas Dean, who were both trying to get French support for the American Revolution Those two men were also meeting with European generals and other military men who wanted to join the Revolution or to act as advisors to General George Washington and the Continental Army People had a range of reasons for wanting to join the American side, including a thirst for fame and glory, the chance to attain a higher military rank than they could in their nation of origin loyalty to their nation of origin, which was either an enemy of Britain or would just be happy to see Britain lose its colonies or an admiration for the ideals of the revolutionaries, like freedom and independence Pelaski is usually characterized as falling into that last group. and that's how he described himself in letters to George Washington and to the Continental Congress. But he also had some practical concerns at work His only real experience was as a soldier and a military leader. He was out of money, and European militaries didn't trust him because he had abducted a king and had been convicted of regocide He also faced some obstacles when it came to joining the Continental Army He would need the approval of the Continental Congress, which had become kind of wary of this influx of European military men who were all trying to join up. Some of them who had already gone to North America had developed a reputation for being arrogant and hard to work with A lot of them spoke multiple languages, but they did not speak English and English was what most of the soldiers spoke. That was true of Pulaski as well, and at first he was mostly communicating with American leaders in French. The Continental Congress was particularly suspicious of foreign papists or Catholics and Polaski But Franklin had apparently already heard about Pulaski's valor in Poland before meeting him It also seems like the French officials that Franklin was negotiating with were backing Pulaski's efforts to join the Continental Army. probably really liked the idea of Pulaski being somewhere else, and he ultimately made his way to North America with French financial support There's also some speculation that Pulaski had become a Freemason, and that would have opened some doors with the Freemasons among the Revolution's leaders, including Benjamin Franklin and George Washington That's a little unclear though. As we' said, Pulaski was Catholic and the Catholic Church had started prohibiting Catholics from joining Freemasons under Pope Clemeth XIth in seventeen thirty eight Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter of introduction for Pulaski on may twenty ninth, seventeen seventy seven describing him as, quote, an officer famous throughout all of Europe for his bravery and conduct in defense of the liberties of his country Pelaski also carried a letter to Gilbert de Mautier Marquita Lafayette from his wife, Adrienne This letter both served as another letter of introduction and at oneon Lafayet. It's gratitude. I think that might have been the first letter he had received from his wife since going to North America. And then that's set the stage for the two men to become friends. Rusky also wrote letters of his own He wrote one in French to George Washington in August of seventeen seventy seven while on his way to North America It translated in part as quote, I have the honor to enclose to your Ecellency the letters which show the hardships that I have undergone. on account of having taken up arms in defense of my country country no longer exists for me, and here, by fighting for freedom, I wish to deserve it Life or death for the welfare of the state is my motto, and thereby I hope to earn the esteem of the citizens of this country. Polaski departed from France on june thirteenth, seventeen seventy seven, and he arrived in Marblehead, Massachusetts on july twenty third After arriving in Massachusetts, he went to Boston, where he met with Major General William Heath He also obtained a letter of introduction from Lafayette to James Lovevel, Massachusetts delegate to the Continental Congress Lafayette's letter said that he did not know Pulaski, but quote, I received a particular account about him, I think proper to acquaint you with it He was one of the first members of the Confederation of Poland, the most distinguished officer and the most dangerous enemy of the tyrants of his country He derived a great reputation by his bravery and intelligence in the war and his noble and fiery conduct after the destruction of the unhappy Poland At first, the Continental Congress did not approve Pulaski to become an officer. So he went to find George Washington anyway, arriving at his encampment north of Philadelphia and volunteering to be his aid He was still acting in this volunteer role at the Battle of Brandywine on september eleventh, seventeen seventy seven Washington's force thought it had blocked all of the crossings of the Brandywine river. It turned out they were wrong, and a British force under the command of Sir William Howe was able to cross the river while hidden by fog and approach Washington's flank Washington's line collapsed after this unexpected attack and Washington realized he had to retreat General Nathaniel Green commanded a reserve force that acted as a rear guard, and Pulaski volunteered to lead Washington's mounted guard in a cavalry charge against the British infantry This charge is often credited with saving Washington's life and keeping the Continental Army's defeat at Brandywine from turning into a rout Pulaski's actions and their outcome made an impression on the Continental Congress. and four days later, on september fifteenth, they named Pulaski Brigadier General and commander of horse But the Contental Army didn't really have a cavalry for Pulaski to command, as commander of horse Horses were mainly being used for reconnaissance and to carry messages or as ceremonial guards for high ranking officers like Washington's guard that Polaski had led at Brandywine. So in addition to recruiting and training soldiers, Pulaski also needed to purchase horses and all of their necessary food, supplies and equipment. In addition to managing all of this, Pulaski wrote a series of letters to Washington and letters to other officers about how he thought an army should use and structure a cavalry course was based on all of his experience and training in Europe And sometimes these letters Really made it sound like he thought people were stupid for having not already realized this Rasky's time as commander of horse did not go smoothly Since he didn't speak English well, he had to work through translators, and he butted heads with people over just fundamentally different ideas of what horses should be used for in war. Polasky was so deeply annoyed that the Continental Army decided to remain quartered over the winter rather than embarking on a wintertime campaign against the British In early seventeen seventy eight, he resigned from that post He was like, I don't know what's wrong with you all. We fight in the winter all the time in Europe go lie around for A lazy wave bing. Yeah On march twenty eighth of that same year, though, the Continental Congress resolved that Pulaski could retain his rank of Brigadier General And they tasked him with raising and commanding, quote, an independent corps to consist of sixty eight horse and two hundred foot the horse to be armed with lances and the foot equipped in the manner of light infantry to be raised in such a way and composed of such men as General Washington shall think expedient and proper, And if it shall be thought by General Washington that it will not be injurious to the service, that he have liberty to dispense in this particular instance with the resolve of Congress against enlisting deserters Some sources characterize this as the Continental Congress's recognition of Pulaski's dedication, bravery, knowledge, and skill. But others suggest that putting Pulaski in charge of an independent cororps was more about just getting him out of the way and stopping all of the disputes he kept having about what a cavalry was for Corps, which became known as the Pulaski Lgion, was largely made up of men from Poland, France, Germany and Ireland, as well as some who had been born in North America It was probably the most internationally diverse unit connected to the Continental Army, and it had a lot fewer communication issues than when Pulaski was commanding mostly English speakers. of that year, he was issued ten thousand dollars for the purpose of buying horses and recruiting troops and other funding followed Although there were a lot of disputes about money and accusations that he was mismanaging that money Polaski also claimed that he was not getting the funding he needed and that he was having to put in a lot of money from his family to make up for that. The Pulaski Legion had a small flag or standard, which, according to the lore, was made by the Moravian single sisters of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. This was commemorated in a poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow titled Hym of the Moravian Nuns of Bethlehem. This standard is in the collection of the Maryland Center for History and Culture, and it's currently on loan to the Museum of the American Revolution The connection to the Moravian single Sisters is a little bit fuzzier Pelaski is known to have visited them once, but there is no documentation of their having made that banner Yeah, this is as I understand it, it's something that probably would have been mentioned in their records and diaries and it just wasn't. Although the visit was Polaski trained his legion as lancers and dragoons in the style of the Polish military that started in May of seventeen seventy eight But as a fighting unit, they had mixed success. In August of seventeen seventy eight, they were sent to defend a privateeering base at Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey. They faced heavy losses there after a Hessian who had defected from the British arrmy come to join their ranks. He deserted and then led about two hundred and fifty British soldiers back. to Pulaski's unit in a surprise attack At least fifty of Pulaski's men were bayonetted as they slept In the spring of seventeen seventy nine, Pulaski's Lgion was sent south to help defend the city of Charleston, South Carolina On may eleventh, Pulaski made one of the decisions that earned him a reputation for recklessness He apparently planned to charge a British raiding party and then fall back to lure them into an ambush did so before that ambush was actually in place, which of course, again led to heavy losses. Giving Pulaski his own independent Cps also had not resolved all of the conflicts On august nineteenth, seventeen seventy nine, while in Charleston, Pulaski sent a lengthy letter to the Continental Congress that began, quote, gentlemen Every information from the northward that has reached me since my departure from thence, Thatence, my opinion, indeed convinces me that there is some malignant spirit constantly casting such an impenetrable mist before your eyes as to render it impossible for you to see and judge of my conduct with propriety and as becomes the character of gentlemen at your exalted stations He described himself as continually ill treated Since the fatal incident that I undertook to raise my core, which I clothed, recruited, and exercised in the space of three months time I have been and still am persecuted I cannot express my indignation when I recollect the infamous chicane by which I was compelled to appear before a court like a criminal That little last line was related to accusations about misuse of funds and possibly also his requisitioning supplies from local loyalists Yeah, that was another thing he was like, we do this in Europe. I don't know why you all can't get your acts together. It's fine One passage from this letter gets quoted a lot in depictions of Pulaski as a passionate defender of liberty and sort of a personification of the ideals of the American Revolution.ote not submit to stoop before the sovereigns of Europe. So I came to hazard all for the freedom of America and desirous of passing the rest of my life in a country truly free and before settling as a citizen to fight for liberty. So those depictions of him that are sort of the exemplar of revolutionary ideals don't usually include the rest of this sentence, which is quote perceiving that endeavors are used to disgust me against such a motive and regard it as phantom I am inclined to believe that enthusiasm for liberty is not the predominant virtue in America at this time We will talk about the end of Pulaski's life after we pause for a sponsor break Living with a rare autoimmune condition can bring a lot of uncertainty, but it can also bring people together in powerful ways. Tune in for season six of Untold stories, Life withith a severe autoimmune condition, a Ruby Studio production in partnership with Argenics. This season, host Martine Hackett brings you fresh stories from people living with MG and CIDP and expands the conversation to people living with other rare conditions, like myositis and IGAN Through their stories, you'll learn what it's like to participate in clinical trials seeking new treatments, how connection fuels hope, and how people can support one another along the way. Because living with a rare disease isn't about getting through it, it's about moving forward together. Listen to Untold stories, life with a severe autoimmune condition on the IiHart Radio app Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts Guess who's back in the house The Old Gays return for season two of Silver Linings, their hit podcast from IiHarts Ruby Studio in partnership with Viv Healthcare. Just wait until you hear what hosts Robert, McBill, and Jessse have in store this time around. They strut back down memory lane, navigating life loveove, loss, and everything that shaped them along the way. And as usual, someone just might break into song. From leather bars to bathhouses, dance floors to drag brunch, nothing stays off limits. These are the kinds of insights that can only come from experience. So listen to your elders, honey, and discover the silver linings you can take with you All Sass, zero filter, and decades of perspective from four friends, proving that queer joy only gets better with age on the podcast that never gets old. Listen to Silver Linings available on the iHart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts Alrighty, there is excited and then there is vacation excited. and we are vacation excited right now because we have a trip planned to Baha Mar in Nassau. To be honest, I'm kind of mentally already checked in and I have a beautiful drink in my hand What I love about this is that you can do it your way. There are three luxury hotels all in one place, the Reined Rosewood, the playfully hip SLS, or the stylish Grand Hyatt. no matter what your vibe is, if it's relaxed, if it's glam, if it's kind of somewhere in between, you're covered. and then there is everything else. This is like an embarrassment of options. There are more than forty five restaurants, bars and lounges Incredible chefs, incredible drinks. I'm going to be all over that. There is a lot of great nightlife that you can get into like the John Baptiste Jazz Club, which I am also very excited about. If you are a family going to visit, there's a fifteen acre water park and what I am also excited about shark and sea turtle encounters, bring them on and don't even get me started about the daily flamingo parade If you're into sporty stuff, all there. There is a golf course, tennis, pickleball, anything you can think of. Tracy's gonna spend a lot of time at the spa and we are gonna spend a lot of time enjoying ourselves. There's excited and then there is Baham Mar vacation excited. Start planning your perfect getaway at bahamar d. comot Dude, my kid loves Marvel Spider Man now. No way. How? Lingo Kids, they have Spider Man themed activities. It's completely safe, like if someone took our comics and made them perfect for a four year old. I still hang on to my old collection. Does it have Disney Moana too? My daughter is obsessed. Disney Moana, Frozen, Zoopia, it's all in there. I'm downloading this right now. Full of fun activities inspired by beloved stories from Disney and more, Lingo Kids is where little ones discover more about favorite characters, and maybe yours too Everything kids love. Download it for free Snoring, gasping for air during sleep, daytime sleepiness. I'm Shquil O'Neill and this shouldn't be anybody's experience. As a doctor about Zbound tozepatyime, The first SZnOi FDA approved prescription medicine from moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity TZzbound is a prescription medicine used with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to help adults with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, and obesity to improve their OSA. Zbound is approved as a two point five, five, seven point five, ten, twelve point five, or fifteen milligram injection. Zbound contains trizepetide and should not be used with other trizepotide containing products or any GLP one receptor agonist medicines It is not known if Zbound is safe and effective for use in children. Don't share needles or pens or reuse needles. Don't take up allergic to it, or if you or someone in your family had medulary thyroid cancer, or if you've had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type two. Tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck. Stop Zbound and call your doctor if you have severe stomach pain or a serious allergic reaction Severe side effects may include inflamed pancreas or gallbladder problems. Tell your doctor if you experience vision changes before scheduled procedures with anesthesia. If you're nursing, pregnant, plan to be or taking birth control pills, taking Zbound with a sulfonyal urea or insulin may cause low blood sugar side effects include nausea diarrhea and vomiting, which can cause dehydration and worsen kidney problems. Talk to your doctor. callall one eight hundred five four five five nine sevven nine or visit zbound. liily d. com In the fall of seventeen seventy nine, the Pulaski Legion was sent to Georgia to try to break the siege of Savannah The French fleet was already there, ready under the command of Charles Henri Echor, Count Destang while American troops were under the command of General Benjamin Lincoln Those two forces needed to work together to break that siege and Pulaski was going to coordinate between them. Some sources portray Kasmir Pulaski as being shot while leading a dramatic cavalry charge against a British line at Savannah, october ninth, seventeen seventy nine There are also several artistic depictions of this moment in which Pulaski is leading a charge But other accounts say He wasn't charging anyone He was scouting ahead with his aid to camp, Colonel Paul Bedalou While they were scouting, Pulaski heard that Count Dustang had been wounded and rushed to help, which is when he was shot The people also point out that a spite of the fact that it looks really good in the movies A trained cavalry unit would probably not be charging against armed infantry who could just stab them in their horses that it's just not a realistic way of how cavalry was being used at that time. Well, not if you're not Kasmir Pulaski, you ding dogs. come on, do it my way So written accounts of what happened are more in line with this second version that he was scouting ahead One of those was from Captain John Freeman, who wrote that they were near a poplar tree when Pulaski quote stood up in the saddle, grasped the pommel with both hands And with a momentary expression of disbelief slid into the arms of Ambrose and the staff officers who gently laid the unconscious form on the ground Ambrose in this passage was Freeman's enslaved servant Surgeon James Linna of Ireland removed Pulaski from the battlefield with the help of his son Edward and his enslaved servant Gee. Some of the more lionizing accounts of Pulaski's life make it sound like the British knew who he was and held him in such high esteem that they allowed him to be removed rather than bayonetting him immediately Lina extracted the ball. It is described as being in Pulaski's hip groin or thigh, and he dressed the wound There is a ball mounted on a silver candlestick that was passed down through the Linna family in the collection of the Georgia Historical Society Purportedly, the graphot that struck Kazimir Pulaski According to accounts from just after this happened, as well as at least one news report Bentelou had also been wounded, and he and Pulaski were taken aboard a brig called the Wp Pelaski continued to be treated by Linna and by a French doctor from D Stenc's fleet On booard the ship On october eleventh, seventeen seventy nine, Pulaski died at the age of thirty four He had developed gangreine, and because of the very foul smell, in Bentalu's words, they were, quote compelled, though reluctantly, to consign to a watery grave all that was now left upon earth of his beloved and honored commander A week later, Lincoln and Estang were forced to retreat, and the siege of Savannah ended with a British victory Bentalou wrote to the Continental Congress to inform them of Pulaski's death on october twenty fifth A month after that, the Congress resolved to erect a monument in Pulaski's memory On february twenty third, seventeen eighty, what remained of Pulaski's Lgion was incorporated with the Cps of Colonel Armand Marquis de laa Ralie, and of course, three years later, the Revolutionary War formally ended with the Treaty of Paris, under which King George III recognized the United States as an independent nation Although Pulaski had been regarded as arrogant and reckless and had an obviously fraught relationship with his superiors and his subordinates It did not take long for him to be regarded as an absolute hero and that regard clear that grew from things he had actually really done. Pelaski's work with the Pelaski Legion and his advocacy for the creation of an actual cavalry within the Continental Army And then the regulations that he created for that cavalry are why he is sometimes called the father of the American cavalry He also willingly fought and died for the freedom of a nation that he had literally no connections to In the words of Clarence A. Manning, a professor of Slavic languages and literature who died in nineteen seventy two, quote All those men who had grumbled at his cavalier methods of handling accounts or had been annoyed by his vehement outbursts as to the needs of his troops now realized that he had been actuated only by impetuous patriotism and enthusiasm The city of Charleston held a public funeral in Pulaski's honor. And after the war was over, the city of Savannah started trying to raise money for a monument to him and to General Nathaniel Green At first, they couldn't get enough funds, but that started to change ahead of the Marquis de Lafayette's tour of the United States, which started in eighteen twenty four Lafayette lay cornerstones honoring Pulaski and Green on march twenty first, eighteen twenty five during his visit to Savannah It took a while for these monuments to be completed, though Pelaski's monument, which is an obelisk with Pelaski on horseback, shown in relief at the base, was finished in eighteen fifty five A completely different account of Polaski's death and burial emerged in eighteen fifty one as this monument was being built Stories started to circulate that Pulaski was not buried at sea, but under a tree on the bank of a creek in Georgia In December of eighteen fifty three, William Parker Bowen said that he had found this burial site at Greenwich Plantation in Chatham County which had previously been owned by his family Palaski had reportedly been taken there, either instead of being taken aboard the wasp or after being removed from the wasp Bowen said that his grandmother and aunt had personally witnessed Pulaski's burial and that that story had been passed down through the family. He excavated a site on the property and he removed what appeared to be a complete skeleton which was sealed in a metal box and placed behind the monument's cornerstone Other documents were put forth to support the Greenwich pllantation as Pulaski's true burial place One is a letter written by the Captain of the wasp, Samuel Bullfinch