Apple News Today
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The U.S. is turning 250. These songs unexpectedly changed American history.
As the United States approaches its 250th anniversary, this episode explores the profound, often unexpected ways music has shaped American history and political discourse. Guest Anna Harwell Celenza, a musicology professor and author of On the Record: Music That Changed America, joins the host to discuss how musical works have influenced public opinion and motivated legislative change throughout the nation's history. The conversation centers on four key examples: The Star-Spangled Banner, Strange Fruit, Paul Simon’s album Graceland, and the musical Hamilton. Celenza explains how these works have functioned as political tools—sometimes by design and sometimes through cultural interpretation. From the Star-Spangled Banner’s evolution from a drinking song to a tool for national unity, to the role of Strange Fruit in the fight for anti-lynching legislation, the episode illustrates how art can spark necessary social dialogue. The discussion also touches on the complexities of cultural exchange and the importance of preserving the arts as a means of fostering empathy. Ultimately, the episode serves as a reflection on how music helps Americans imagine a broader, more inclusive future.
Updated Jul 3, 2026
About This Episode
From Apple News In Conversation: The United States turns 250 years old this summer — and there’s no shortage of ways to mark the moment. One of the most revealing lenses through which to view the country’s history may be music. Anna Harwell Celenza, professor at Johns Hopkins University and author of On the Record: Music That Changed America, joined Apple News In Conversation guest host David Greene to discuss the hidden political history of American music — from why “The Star-Spangled Banner” became the national anthem to how “Strange Fruit” helped pass anti-lynching legislation — and what music still has to say about democracy now.
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